每日英语练习 - 2026-07-16（星期四）
📌 今日主题
商务/职场演讲技巧 — Julian Treasure TED 演讲《How to speak so that people want to listen》 核心内容：HAIL 框架 — 让每一次职场演讲和沟通都更有影响力
🎬 视频/音频资源
- 🎥 B站（国内可看）：https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1Ba4y1p7yC/
- 🎥 YouTube：https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eIho2S0ZahI
- 🎵 TED 原页面：https://www.ted.com/talks/julian_treasure_how_to_speak_so_that_people_want_to_listen
📝 英文原文
The human voice: It’s the instrument we all play. It’s the most powerful sound in the world, probably. It’s the only one that can start a war or say “I love you.” And yet many people have the experience that when they speak, people don’t listen to them. And why is that? How can we speak powerfully to make change in the world?
What I’d like to suggest, there are a number of habits that we need to move away from. I’ve assembled for your pleasure here seven deadly sins of speaking. I’m not pretending this is an exhaustive list, but these seven, I think, are pretty large habits that we can all fall into.
First, gossip. Speaking ill of somebody who’s not present. Not a nice habit, and we know perfectly well the person gossiping, five minutes later, will be gossiping about us.
Second, judging. We know people who are like this in conversation, and it’s very hard to listen to somebody if you know that you’re being judged and found wanting at the same time.
Third, negativity. You can fall into this. My mother, in the last years of her life, became very negative, and it’s hard to listen.
Fourth, complaining. Well, this is the national art of the U.K. It’s our national sport. We complain about the weather, sport, about politics, about everything, but actually, complaining is viral misery.
Fifth, excuses. Some people have a blamethrower. They just pass it on to everybody else and don’t take responsibility for their actions, and again, hard to listen to somebody who is being like that.
Sixth, embroidery (exaggeration). It demeans our language. For example, if I see something that really is awesome, what do I call it?
Seventh, dogmatism. The confusion of facts with opinions. When those two things get conflated, you’re listening into the wind. Somebody is bombarding you with their opinions as if they were true.
So here they are, seven deadly sins of speaking. But is there a positive way to think about this? Yes, there is. I’d like to suggest that there are four really powerful cornerstones, foundations, that we can stand on if we want our speech to be powerful and to make change in the world. Fortunately, these things spell a word. The word is “hail,” and it has a great definition as well. I’m not talking about the stuff that falls from the sky and hits you on the head. I’m talking about this definition, to greet or acclaim enthusiastically, which is how I think our words will be received if we stand on these four things.
So what do they stand for?
- H — Honesty: being true in what you say, being straight and clear.
- A — Authenticity: just being yourself. A friend of mine described it as standing in your own truth, which I think is a lovely way to put it.
- I — Integrity: being your word, actually doing what you say, and being somebody people can trust.
- L — Love: I don’t mean romantic love, but I do mean wishing people well. Absolute honesty may not be what we want. I mean, my goodness, you look ugly this morning. Perhaps that’s not necessary. Tempered with love, of course, honesty is a great thing. But also, if you’re really wishing somebody well, it’s very hard to judge them at the same time.
🔍 重点词汇
| 单词/短语 | 音标 | 中文释义 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|---|
| deadly sins | /ˈdedli sɪnz/ | 致命罪过，大忌 | The seven deadly sins of speaking are habits that make people stop listening to you. |
| gossip | /ˈɡɒsɪp/ | 八卦，说闲话 | Office gossip can damage team morale and trust. |
| judging | /ˈdʒʌdʒɪŋ/ | 评判，指责 | In a performance review, avoid judging — focus on facts and improvement. |
| negativity | /ˌneɡəˈtɪvəti/ | 消极，负面情绪 | Negativity in meetings can kill creativity and team spirit. |
| complaining | /kəmˈpleɪnɪŋ/ | 抱怨 | Constant complaining without solutions is counterproductive in the workplace. |
| embroidery (exaggeration) | /ɪmˈbrɔɪdəri/ | 夸大，添油加醋 | Exaggeration in business reports can lead to poor decision-making. |
| dogmatism | /ˈdɒɡmətɪzəm/ | 教条主义，武断 | Dogmatism shuts down open discussion and innovation. |
| conflation | /kənˈfleɪʃn/ | 混淆，混为一谈 | The conflation of personal opinion with company policy can be misleading. |
| authenticity | /ˌɔːθenˈtɪsəti/ | 真诚，真实 | Authenticity builds trust between colleagues and clients. |
| integrity | /ɪnˈteɡrəti/ | 诚信，正直 | A leader with integrity earns the respect of their team. |
| tempered with | /ˈtempəd wɪð/ | 以…调和，缓和 | Criticism should be tempered with encouragement to be constructive. |
| bombarding | /bɒmˈbɑːdɪŋ/ | 轰炸式地灌输 | Bombarding your audience with data makes them tune out. |
💡 实用表达
-
“speak ill of somebody” — 说某人坏话
- 职场场景：“Let’s avoid speaking ill of colleagues behind their backs.”
- 在团队中强调正向沟通时使用
-
“speak powerfully to make change” — 有力表达以推动改变
- 职场场景：“If you want to make change in this organization, you need to speak powerfully.”
- 用于激励团队或表达领导力
-
“being your word” — 言行一致，说到做到
- 职场场景：“A reliable team member is someone who is their word.”
- 比 “keep your promise” 更口语化、更地道
-
“found wanting” — 被发现不够好、不合格
- 职场场景：“After the audit, our reporting process was found wanting.”
- 正式评估或反馈时使用，非常地道
-
“tempered with love” — 以善意调和
- 职场场景：“Honest feedback should always be tempered with empathy.”
- 谈论反馈技巧时的黄金表达
🎯 练习步骤
- 通读全文：先完整读一遍英文原文，理解大意
- 精读标记：逐句阅读，标记不熟悉的词汇和表达
- 跟读练习：大声朗读 3 遍，注意断句、重音和语调 — 特别留意 Julian Treasure 使用「停顿」和「重复」的技巧
- 脱稿复述：合上文本，用自己的话复述 HAIL 框架（中英文都可以）
- 结构化输出：用以下框架组织你的复述：
- 这段话在说什么？（一句话概括）
- 主要的七个说话大忌是什么？（列 3-4 个你能记住的）
- HAIL 代表哪四个原则？
- 我的感受/看法：你觉得哪个大忌最容易犯？哪个原则最难做到？
🗣️ 口才小贴士
今日技巧：用「框架结构」提升表达清晰度
Julian Treasure 在这段演讲中使用了非常经典的「问题 → 解决方案」结构：
- 先提出痛点（很多人说话没人听）
- 列出问题清单（七宗罪）
- 给出正向框架（HAIL 原则）
职场中的应用：做汇报或提建议时，先用一句话点出问题，再列 2-3 个要点，最后给出清晰的行动框架。这种「痛点 + 清单 + 框架」的结构让你的表达层次分明、有说服力。
另外注意 Julian 的修辞手法：他用 “hail” 这个词玩了一个双关（冰雹 vs 热烈欢迎），让听众记住关键词。在职场演讲中，用一句话或一个关键词作为”记忆锚点”是非常有效的技巧。