每日英语练习 - 2026-07-20（周一）
📌 今日主题
TED 演讲精选 — Simon Sinek《How Great Leaders Inspire Action》（伟大的领袖如何激励行动） 核心观点：为什么有些组织和个人能够激励他人，而其他人却不能？关键在于”从为什么出发”——黄金圈法则。
🎬 视频/音频资源
- 🎥 TED 官方页面（含视频嵌入）：https://www.ted.com/talks/simon_sinek_how_great_leaders_inspire_action
- 🎥 YouTube 原视频：https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qp0HIF3SfI4
- 💡 B站等国内平台可搜索”西蒙·斯涅克 黄金圈 TED”找到搬运版本
📝 英文原文
以下为演讲开场精华段落，引出核心问题与黄金圈法则的发现。
How do you explain when things don’t go as we assume? Or better, how do you explain when others are able to achieve things that seem to defy all of the assumptions? For example: Why is Apple so innovative? Year after year, after year, they’re more innovative than all their competition. And yet, they’re just a computer company. They’re just like everyone else. They have the same access to the same talent, the same agencies, the same consultants, the same media. Then why is it that they seem to have something different? Why is it that Martin Luther King led the Civil Rights Movement? He wasn’t the only man who suffered in pre-civil rights America, and he certainly wasn’t the only great orator of the day. Why him? And why is it that the Wright brothers were able to figure out controlled, powered man flight when there were certainly other teams who were better qualified, better funded — and they didn’t achieve powered man flight, and the Wright brothers beat them to it. There’s something else at play here.
About three and a half years ago, I made a discovery. And this discovery profoundly changed my view on how I thought the world worked, and it even profoundly changed the way in which I operate in it. As it turns out, there’s a pattern. As it turns out, all the great inspiring leaders and organizations in the world, whether it’s Apple or Martin Luther King or the Wright brothers, they all think, act and communicate the exact same way. And it’s the complete opposite to everyone else. All I did was codify it, and it’s probably the world’s simplest idea. I call it the golden circle.
🔍 重点词汇
| 单词/短语 | 音标 | 中文释义 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|---|
| defy | /dɪˈfaɪ/ | 违抗；挑战 | Their success seems to defy all logic. |
| assumption | /əˈsʌmpʃən/ | 假设；假定 | We need to question our basic assumptions. |
| innovative | /ˈɪnəveɪtɪv/ | 创新的；革新的 | Apple is known for its innovative products. |
| orator | /ˈɔːrətər/ | 演说家；演讲者 | Martin Luther King was a powerful orator. |
| figure out | /ˈfɪɡjər aʊt/ | 弄明白；解决 | We need to figure out a better solution. |
| qualified | /ˈkwɒlɪfaɪd/ | 有资格的；胜任的 | She is highly qualified for the job. |
| funded | /ˈfʌndɪd/ | 获得资助的 | The project was well funded by investors. |
| at play | /æt pleɪ/ | 在起作用；在活动 | There are many factors at play here. |
| profoundly | /prəˈfaʊndli/ | 深刻地；极大地 | The experience changed me profoundly. |
| pattern | /ˈpætərn/ | 模式；规律 | We can see a clear pattern in the data. |
| codify | /ˈkoʊdɪfaɪ/ | 编纂；系统化 | He codified the rules into a simple framework. |
| the golden circle | /ðə ˈɡoʊldən ˈsɜːrkl/ | 黄金圈法则 | The golden circle explains why some leaders inspire. |
💡 实用表达
-
“How do you explain when…?” — 如何解释当…时？这是一个非常好的引出问题的句式，可以在讨论、辩论或演讲开场使用。
How do you explain when one company outperforms another with the same resources?
-
“There’s something else at play here.” — 还有别的因素在起作用。用来暗示表面现象之下有更深层的原因。
It’s not just about money and talent. There’s something else at play here.
-
“As it turns out…” — 事实证明…；原来…。用来引出意外发现或揭示真相，口语中非常高频。
As it turns out, the most successful companies share a common trait.
-
“It’s the complete opposite to…” — 这与…完全相反。用来做鲜明对比，增强表达力度。
Their approach is the complete opposite to what everyone else is doing.
-
“All I did was…” — 我只是…（而已）。用谦虚语气引出一个重要的贡献或发现。
All I did was ask one simple question: Why?
🎯 练习步骤
- 通读全文：先完整读一遍英文原文，理解大意——Simon Sinek 在问为什么有些人和组织能取得看似”违背常理”的成功。
- 精读标记：逐句阅读，标记不熟悉的词汇和表达，特别注意排比问句的节奏感（“Why is Apple… Why is it that Martin Luther King… Why is it that the Wright brothers…”）。
- 跟读练习：大声朗读 3 遍，注意断句、重音和语调。尤其注意排比问句的递进感和”as it turns out”的转折语气。
- 脱稿复述：合上文本，用自己的话复述大意（中英文都可以）。试着说清楚 Sinek 提出的三个谜题（Apple、MLK、Wright brothers）和他的发现。
- 结构化输出：用以下框架组织你的复述：
- 这段话在说什么？—— 引出”为什么有些人和组织能取得非凡成就”这个核心问题，并揭示了一个共同的模式（黄金圈）。
- 主要观点是什么？
- 成功者并非拥有更多资源，而是有某种不同的东西在起作用
- Simon Sinek 发现所有伟大的领袖和组织都有相同的思考和沟通模式
- 他称之为”黄金圈”（Why → How → What）
- 我的感受/看法？—— 这个观点是否改变了你对”成功”的理解？你身边有没有”从为什么出发”的例子？
🗣️ 口才小贴士
悬念式开场技巧（Hook by Mystery）：Simon Sinek 在演讲开头没有直接说”我今天要讲黄金圈法则”，而是连续抛出三个令人困惑的谜题（Apple / MLK / Wright brothers），用”为什么？“引发听众的好奇心。这个技巧叫”制造认知缺口”——先让听众意识到”有些事情我不理解”，大脑就会自动渴望找到答案，从而对你接下来要说的内容保持高度关注。
练习方法：下次你做自我介绍或汇报时，试试用”你有没有想过为什么…？“开头。比如不要说”我是一名产品经理”，而是说”你有没有想过为什么有些产品让人上瘾，而另一些却无人问津？三年前我也在思考这个问题，然后我发现了一个简单的答案…”
这个技巧的三个要点：
- ✅ 问题必须具体且有画面感（“为什么一个人买 iPhone 要排队六小时？”）
- ✅ 问题必须让听众觉得”对，这是我想知道的”
- ✅ 不要立刻给答案，留 2-3 秒的停顿让听众自己思考