每日英语练习 - 2026-07-23（周四）
📌 今日主题
商务演讲技巧 — 如何说话让别人愿意听？ 精选自 Julian Treasure 在 TEDGlobal 2013 的经典演讲 “How to speak so that people want to listen”。这篇演讲系统讲述了职场沟通中常见的「七大说话死罪」和「HAIL 四大基石」，以及提升声音表现力的实用工具箱。非常适合用于工作汇报、会议发言、客户演示等商务场景。
🎬 视频/音频资源
- 🎥 Bilibili（国内可看）：https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1XZ4y137vu/
- 🎥 TED 原版（含字幕）：https://www.ted.com/talks/julian_treasure_how_to_speak_so_that_people_want_to_listen
📝 英文原文（精华段落）
以下节选自演讲的核心部分——“HAIL” 框架与声音工具箱：
How can we speak powerfully to make change in the world? What I’d like to suggest, there are a number of habits that we need to move away from. I’ve assembled for your pleasure here seven deadly sins of speaking.
First, gossip. Speaking ill of somebody who’s not present. Not a nice habit, and we know perfectly well the person gossiping, five minutes later, will be gossiping about us.
Second, judging. We know people who are like this in conversation, and it’s very hard to listen to somebody if you know that you’re being judged and found wanting at the same time.
Third, negativity. You can fall into this. My mother, in the last years of her life, became very negative, and it’s hard to listen. Another form of negativity: complaining. Complaining is viral misery. It’s not spreading sunshine and lightness in the world.
Fourth, excuses. Some people have a blamethrower. They just pass it on to everybody else and don’t take responsibility for their actions.
Sixth, embroidery, exaggeration. It demeans our language. And then, of course, this exaggeration becomes lying, and we don’t want to listen to people we know are lying to us.
And finally, dogmatism. The confusion of facts with opinions. When those two things get conflated, you’re listening into the wind.
But is there a positive way to think about this? I’d like to suggest that there are four really powerful cornerstones that we can stand on if we want our speech to be powerful and to make change in the world. Fortunately, these things spell a word. The word is “HAIL” — to greet or acclaim enthusiastically.
The H — honesty, being true in what you say, being straight and clear. The A — authenticity, just being yourself. Standing in your own truth. The I — integrity, being your word, actually doing what you say. The L — love. I don’t mean romantic love, but I do mean wishing people well.
Now, it is what you say, it’s also the way that you say it. You have an amazing toolbox. Register — if you want weight, go down to the chest. We vote for politicians with lower voices because we associate depth with power. Timbre — the research shows that we prefer voices which are rich, smooth, warm. Prosody — the sing-song, the meta-language that we use to impart meaning. Pace — you can slow right down to emphasize. And at the end of that is our old friend silence. There’s nothing wrong with a bit of silence in a talk. We don’t have to fill it with ums and ahs. It can be very powerful.
What would the world be like if we were speaking powerfully to people who were listening consciously? That would be a world that does sound beautiful, and one where understanding would be the norm, and that is an idea worth spreading.
🔍 重点词汇
| 单词/短语 | 音标 | 中文释义 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|---|
| speak ill of | /spiːk ɪl ʌv/ | 说…的坏话 | It’s unprofessional to speak ill of your colleagues behind their backs. |
| find somebody wanting | /faɪnd ˈsʌmbədi ˈwɒntɪŋ/ | 认为某人不够好 | In a performance review, nobody wants to feel they are being found wanting. |
| viral misery | /ˈvaɪrəl ˈmɪzəri/ | 像病毒一样传播的痛苦（抱怨） | Constant complaining is viral misery in the office — it brings everyone down. |
| blamethrower | /ˈbleɪmˌθrəʊə/ | 甩锅的人（幽默说法） | Don’t be a blamethrower — take responsibility for your own mistakes. |
| embroidery | /ɪmˈbrɔɪdəri/ | 添油加醋、渲染夸张 | His story was full of embroidery; nobody believed the numbers he quoted. |
| dogmatism | /ˈdɒɡmətɪzəm/ | 教条主义、武断 | Dogmatism shuts down productive debate in team meetings. |
| conflation | /kənˈfleɪʃən/ | 混淆、混为一谈 | The conflation of opinion and fact is a common mistake in arguments. |
| cornerstone | /ˈkɔːnəstəʊn/ | 基石、基础 | Trust is the cornerstone of any successful business relationship. |
| authenticity | /ˌɔːθenˈtɪsəti/ | 真诚、真实 | Audiences can tell when a speaker lacks authenticity. |
| timbre | /ˈtæmbə/ | 音色、音质 | Her voice has a warm timbre that makes people feel at ease. |
| prosody | /ˈprɒsədi/ | 韵律、语调 | Prosody helps convey emotion and emphasis in speech. |
| register | /ˈredʒɪstə/ | 音区（声音的位置） | Lowering your vocal register can make you sound more authoritative. |
💡 实用表达
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“I’m not pretending this is an exhaustive list…” 委婉承认不全面，同时守住立场。可用于汇报：“I’m not pretending this is an exhaustive list, but these are the top three priorities.”
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“To greet or acclaim enthusiastically” 优雅地定义核心概念。适合演讲开场：“Let me introduce a concept I call ‘HAIL’ — to greet or acclaim enthusiastically.”
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“There’s nothing wrong with a bit of silence.” 会议室里不必时刻填满话语，留白反而有力量。可用于引导讨论。
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“Standing in your own truth” 表达坚持自我、不虚伪。面试或团队沟通中很加分。
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“That is an idea worth spreading.” TED 经典收尾句式，可以套用在任何 presentation 的结尾。
🎯 练习步骤
- 通读全文：先完整读一遍英文原文，理解大意
- 精读标记：逐句阅读，用笔标记不熟悉的词汇和表达
- 跟读练习：模仿 Julian Treasure 的语调，大声朗读 3 遍。注意：
- “complaining is viral misery” 的抑扬顿挫
- “The word is HAIL” 的重音停顿
- 最后一段设问句的上升语调
- 脱稿复述：合上文本，用自己的话复述「七大死罪」和「HAIL」框架
- 结构化输出：用以下框架组织复述：
- 这段话在说什么？→ 如何通过改变说话方式和内容让别人更愿意听你说话
- 主要观点是什么？→ (1) 避免七大说话死罪 (2) 践行 HAIL 四大基石 (3) 用好声音工具箱
- 我的感受/看法？→ 哪一条最让我有共鸣？我平时有没有犯这些错误？
🗣️ 口才小贴士：用「声音工具箱」给自己的演讲增加层次感
很多人在做工作汇报时语调单一、节奏平缓，听众容易走神。Julian Treasure 给出了一个立刻可用的技巧：
在强调关键数据/结论时，刻意降调 + 放慢 + 停顿。
例如：
- 正常语速：“Our revenue grew by 30% last quarter.”
- 有力版本：（放慢）“Our revenue… grew by 30%… last quarter.”（降调 + 句末停顿 2 秒）
三步练习法：
- 选一句你要在下次会议中说的话
- 标记你的「重音词」和「停顿点」
- 小声练 3 遍 → 正常音量练 3 遍 → 在同事面前试讲 1 遍
记住：声音是你在职场中最被低估的武器。