每日英语口语练习：2026-07-31（星期五）
1. 📖 原文：TED 演讲节选
演讲：How to speak so that people want to listen（如何说话，让人想听） 演讲者：Julian Treasure（声音与沟通专家，五届 TED 讲者） 场合：TEDGlobal 2013（Edinburgh） 节选说明：以下为演讲开篇「说话的七宗罪」段落（约 298 词），原文据 TED 官网 transcript 整理，仅做轻微删减。
The human voice: It’s the instrument we all play. It’s the most powerful sound in the world, probably. It’s the only one that can start a war or say “I love you.” And yet many people find that when they speak, people don’t listen. Why is that? How can we speak powerfully to make change in the world? What I’d like to suggest: there are a number of habits we need to move away from. I’ve assembled here seven deadly sins of speaking.
First, gossip. Speaking ill of somebody who’s not present. Not a nice habit — and we know the person gossiping, five minutes later, will be gossiping about us. Second, judging. It’s very hard to listen if you know you’re being judged — and found wanting — at the same time. Third, negativity. You can fall into this. My mother, in the last years of her life, became very negative. One day I said to her, “It’s October 1 today,” and she said, “I know, isn’t it dreadful?”
And another form of negativity, complaining. Well, this is the national art of the U.K. It’s our national sport. We complain about the weather, sport, about politics, about everything, but actually, complaining is viral misery. It’s not spreading sunshine and lightness in the world.
Excuses. We’ve all met this guy. Maybe we’ve all been this guy. Some people have a blamethrower — they pass it on to everybody else and never take responsibility for their actions. Penultimate, the sixth of the seven, embroidery — exaggeration. It demeans our language, and it can become lying — and we don’t want to listen to people we know are lying to us. And finally, dogmatism. The confusion of facts with opinions. When those two things get conflated, you’re listening into the wind.
演讲后半段还给出「说话的四大基石」HAIL：Honesty（诚实）、Authenticity（真诚）、Integrity（言行一致）、Love（仁爱），建议完整观看。
2. 🎬 视频/音频资源
- TED 官网（含官方字幕与 transcript）：https://www.ted.com/talks/julian_treasure_how_to_speak_so_that_people_want_to_listen
- YouTube 官方原版（TED 频道，9:59，5043 万播放）：https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eIho2S0ZahI
- 延伸学习：Julian Treasure 姊妹篇《5 ways to listen better》（TED 官方，7:51）：https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cSohjlYQI2A
3. 📝 重点词汇
| 词汇 | 音标 | 释义 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|---|
| instrument | /ˈɪnstrəmənt/ | 乐器；工具、手段 | ”The human voice is the instrument we all play.” |
| gossip | /ˈɡɒsɪp/ | 流言蜚语；说闲话 | ”Gossip is speaking ill of somebody who’s not present.” |
| found wanting | /faʊnd ˈwɒntɪŋ/ | 被发现有欠缺、不合格 | ”You’re being judged — and found wanting — at the same time.” |
| negativity | /ˌneɡəˈtɪvəti/ | 消极、负面情绪 | ”Negativity is hard to listen to.” |
| complaining | /kəmˈpleɪnɪŋ/ | 抱怨 | ”Complaining is viral misery.” |
| blamethrower | /ˈbleɪmˌθrəʊə(r)/ | 甩锅侠（blame + flamethrower 合成词） | “Some people have a blamethrower.” |
| embroidery | /ɪmˈbrɔɪdəri/ | 刺绣；〈引申〉添油加醋、夸张 | ”Embroidery — exaggeration — demeans our language.” |
| dogmatism | /ˈdɒɡmətɪzəm/ | 教条主义、武断 | ”Dogmatism is the confusion of facts with opinions.” |
4. 💬 跟读练习建议
- 影子跟读（Shadowing）：先完整听一遍原演讲 0:00–1:40（七宗罪段落），再逐句跟读，模仿停顿与重音。
- 排比节奏练习：七个「罪」各成一读，每一条用降调收尾，体会列举的节奏感（这是演讲的骨架）。
- 喜剧 timing 模仿：“I know, isn’t it dreadful?” 一句刻意用平淡语气制造反差幽默，模仿 Julian 的冷面风格。
- 语速控制：原演讲约 130 词/分钟；先以 100 wpm 慢速读熟，再逐步提速。
- 录音对比：录下自己的版本，与原视频逐句对比弱读、连读和语调差异。
5. 🔄 即兴口语练习
Prompt 1：用 60 秒向同伴「认领」七宗罪之一——用英文下定义、举一个自己的例子，再说说怎么改。
Prompt 2：你最听不进去哪种人说话？用今天学到的词（gossip / judging / dogmatism…）描述，并给出你的应对方法。
Prompt 3：用 HAIL 框架（Honesty, Authenticity, Integrity, Love）评价一段你最近听过的好演讲或好播客，讲满 90 秒。
6. 📋 发音技巧提示
1. 英音特点（Julian Treasure 为英国口音）
- 非卷舌音：war /wɔː/、world /wɜːld/，r 在元音后不卷舌。
- “dreadful” /ˈdredfəl/ 中 t 在非重读音节中清晰但不送气。
2. 连读（Linking）
- “start‿a war” → /ˈstɑːt‿ə ˈwɔː/
- “found‿wanting” → /ˈfaʊnd‿ˈwɒntɪŋ/
- “viral‿misery” → /ˈvaɪrəl‿ˈmɪzəri/
- “bombarding‿you” → /bɒmˈbɑːdɪŋ‿ju/
3. 弱读（Weak Forms）
- “It’s the instrument” → /ɪts ðə ˈɪnstrəmənt/（the 弱读 /ðə/）
- “and yet” → /ən ˈjet/（and 弱读 /ən/）
- “to make change” → /tə meɪk tʃeɪndʒ/（to 弱读 /tə/）
4. 语调与停顿
- 列举七宗罪用降调收尾，果断有力：gossip↘ / judging↘ / negativity↘
- 反问 “Why is that?” 用升调，制造悬念。
- 戏剧性停顿：It’s the only one that can start a war — ‖ or say “I love you.” 破折号处停顿半秒，强调对比。
“The human voice is the most powerful sound in the world — probably.” Practice it daily, and people will want to listen.