每日英语口语练习：2026-08-09（星期日）

周末综合练习：名人演讲名段 — 收录全文。本周主题：Steve Jobs 2005 年 6 月 12 日在斯坦福大学毕业典礼上的演讲《Stay Hungry, Stay Foolish》（求知若饥，虚心若愚）——现代英语演讲中被引用最多的结尾之一，也是「个人叙事式演讲」（personal narrative speech）的巅峰范本。与昨日 Churchill 的英式庄严排比正好形成「英音 vs 美音、宏大 vs 私人」的对照练习。

1. 📖 原文（全文）

演讲者：Steve Jobs（时任 Apple CEO / Pixar CEO） 场合：Stanford University Commencement（斯坦福大学毕业典礼），2005 年 6 月 12 日。时年 50 岁，距确诊胰腺癌一年。 篇幅：全文约 2,300 词，未作删减。文本依据斯坦福大学新闻稿（news.stanford.edu, 2005-06-14）公开实录整理，经多方比对。

I am honored to be with you today at your commencement from one of the finest universities in the world. I never graduated from college. Truth be told, this is the closest I’ve ever gotten to a college graduation. Today I want to tell you three stories from my life. That’s it. No big deal. Just three stories.

The first story is about connecting the dots.

I dropped out of Reed College after the first 6 months, but then stayed around as a drop-in for another 18 months or so before I really quit. So why did I drop out?

It started before I was born. My biological mother was a young, unwed college graduate student, and she decided to put me up for adoption. She felt very strongly that I should be adopted by college graduates, so everything was all set for me to be adopted at birth by a lawyer and his wife. Except that when I popped out they decided at the last minute that they really wanted a girl. So my parents, who were on a waiting list, got a call in the middle of the night asking: “We have an unexpected baby boy; do you want him?” They said: “Of course.” My biological mother later found out that my mother had never graduated from college and that my father had never graduated from high school. She refused to sign the final adoption papers. She only relented a few months later when my parents promised that I would someday go to college.

And 17 years later I did go to college. But I naively chose a college that was almost as expensive as Stanford, and all of my working-class parents’ savings were being spent on my college tuition. After six months, I couldn’t see the value in it. I had no idea what I wanted to do with my life and no idea how college was going to help me figure it out. And here I was spending all of the money my parents had saved their entire life. So I decided to drop out and trust that it would all work out OK. It was pretty scary at the time, but looking back it was one of the best decisions I ever made. The minute I dropped out I could stop taking the required classes that didn’t interest me, and begin dropping in on the ones that looked interesting.

It wasn’t all romantic. I didn’t have a dorm room, so I slept on the floor in friends’ rooms, I returned Coke bottles for the 5¢ deposits to buy food with, and I would walk the 7 miles across town every Sunday night to get one good meal a week at the Hare Krishna temple. I loved it. And much of what I stumbled into by following my curiosity and intuition turned out to be priceless later on. Let me give you one example:

Reed College at that time offered perhaps the best calligraphy instruction in the country. Throughout the campus every poster, every label on every drawer, was beautifully hand calligraphed. Because I had dropped out and didn’t have to take the normal classes, I decided to take a calligraphy class to learn how to do this. I learned about serif and san serif typefaces, about varying the amount of space between different letter combinations, about what makes great typography great. It was beautiful, historical, artistically subtle in a way that science can’t capture, and I found it fascinating.

None of this had even a hope of any practical application in my life. But ten years later, when we were designing the first Macintosh computer, it all came back to me. And we designed it all into the Mac. It was the first computer with beautiful typography. If I had never dropped in on that single course in college, the Mac would have never had multiple typefaces or proportionally spaced fonts. And since Windows just copied the Mac, it’s likely that no personal computer would have them. If I had never dropped out, I would have never dropped in on this calligraphy class, and personal computers might not have the wonderful typography that they do. Of course it was impossible to connect the dots looking forward when I was in college. But it was very, very clear looking backwards ten years later.

Again, you can’t connect the dots looking forward; you can only connect them looking backwards. So you have to trust that the dots will somehow connect in your future. You have to trust in something — your gut, destiny, life, karma, whatever. This approach has never let me down, and it has made all the difference in my life.

My second story is about love and loss.

I was lucky — I found what I loved to do early in life. Woz and I started Apple in my parents’ garage when I was 20. We worked hard, and in 10 years Apple had grown from just the two of us in a garage into a $2 billion company with over 4,000 employees. We had just released our finest creation — the Macintosh — a year earlier, and I had just turned 30. And then I got fired. How can you get fired from a company you started? Well, as Apple grew we hired someone who I thought was very talented to run the company with me, and for the first year or so things went well. But then our visions of the future began to diverge and eventually we had a falling out. When we did, our Board of Directors sided with him. So at 30 I was out. And very publicly out. What had been the focus of my entire adult life was gone, and it was devastating.

I really didn’t know what to do for a few months. I felt that I had let the previous generation of entrepreneurs down — that I had dropped the baton as it was being passed to me. I met with David Packard and Bob Noyce and tried to apologize for screwing up so badly. I was a very public failure, and I even thought about running away from the valley. But something slowly began to dawn on me — I still loved what I did. The turn of events at Apple had not changed that one bit. I had been rejected, but I was still in love. And so I decided to start over.

I didn’t see it then, but it turned out that getting fired from Apple was the best thing that could have ever happened to me. The heaviness of being successful was replaced by the lightness of being a beginner again, less sure about everything. It freed me to enter one of the most creative periods of my life.

During the next five years, I started a company named NeXT, another company named Pixar, and fell in love with an amazing woman who would become my wife. Pixar went on to create the world’s first computer animated feature film, Toy Story, and is now the most successful animation studio in the world. In a remarkable turn of events, Apple bought NeXT, I returned to Apple, and the technology we developed at NeXT is at the heart of Apple’s current renaissance. And Laurene and I have a wonderful family together.

I’m pretty sure none of this would have happened if I hadn’t been fired from Apple. It was awful tasting medicine, but I guess the patient needed it. Sometimes life hits you in the head with a brick. Don’t lose faith. I’m convinced that the only thing that kept me going was that I loved what I did. You’ve got to find what you love. And that is as true for your work as it is for your lovers. Your work is going to fill a large part of your life, and the only way to be truly satisfied is to do what you believe is great work. And the only way to do great work is to love what you do. If you haven’t found it yet, keep looking. Don’t settle. As with all matters of the heart, you’ll know when you find it. And, like any great relationship, it just gets better and better as the years roll on. So keep looking until you find it. Don’t settle.

My third story is about death.

When I was 17, I read a quote that went something like: “If you live each day as if it was your last, someday you’ll most certainly be right.” It made an impression on me, and since then, for the past 33 years, I have looked in the mirror every morning and asked myself: “If today were the last day of my life, would I want to do what I am about to do today?” And whenever the answer has been “No” for too many days in a row, I know I need to change something.

Remembering that I’ll be dead soon is the most important tool I’ve ever encountered to help me make the big choices in life. Because almost everything — all external expectations, all pride, all fear of embarrassment or failure — these things just fall away in the face of death, leaving only what is truly important. Remembering that you are going to die is the best way I know to avoid the trap of thinking you have something to lose. You are already naked. There is no reason not to follow your heart.

About a year ago I was diagnosed with cancer. I had a scan at 7:30 in the morning, and it clearly showed a tumor on my pancreas. I didn’t even know what a pancreas was. The doctors told me this was almost certainly a type of cancer that is incurable, and that I should expect to live no longer than three to six months. My doctor advised me to go home and get my affairs in order, which is doctor’s code for prepare to die. It means to try to tell your kids everything you thought you’d have the next 10 years to tell them in just a few months. It means to make sure everything is buttoned up so that it will be as easy as possible for your family. It means to say your goodbyes.

I lived with that diagnosis all day. Later that evening I had a biopsy, where they stuck an endoscope down my throat, through my stomach and into my intestines, put a needle into my pancreas and got a few cells from the tumor. I was sedated, but my wife, who was there, told me that when they viewed the cells under a microscope the doctors started crying because it turned out to be a very rare form of pancreatic cancer that is curable with surgery. I had the surgery and I’m fine now.

This was the closest I’ve been to facing death, and I hope it’s the closest I get for a few more decades. Having lived through it, I can now say this to you with a bit more certainty than when death was a useful but purely intellectual concept:

No one wants to die. Even people who want to go to heaven don’t want to die to get there. And yet death is the destination we all share. No one has ever escaped it. And that is as it should be, because Death is very likely the single best invention of Life. It is Life’s change agent. It clears out the old to make way for the new. Right now the new is you, but someday not too long from now, you will gradually become the old and be cleared away. Sorry to be so dramatic, but it is quite true.

Your time is limited, so don’t waste it living someone else’s life. Don’t be trapped by dogma — which is living with the results of other people’s thinking. Don’t let the noise of others’ opinions drown out your own inner voice. And most important, have the courage to follow your heart and intuition. They somehow already know what you truly want to become. Everything else is secondary.

When I was young, there was an amazing publication called The Whole Earth Catalog, which was one of the bibles of my generation. It was created by a fellow named Stewart Brand not far from here in Menlo Park, and he brought it to life with his poetic touch. This was in the late 1960s, before personal computers and desktop publishing, so it was all made with typewriters, scissors, and Polaroid cameras. It was sort of like Google in paperback form, 35 years before Google came along: it was idealistic, and overflowing with neat tools and great notions.

Stewart and his team put out several issues of The Whole Earth Catalog, and then when it had run its course, they put out a final issue. It was the mid-1970s, and I was your age. On the back cover of their final issue was a photograph of an early morning country road, the kind you might find yourself hitchhiking on if you were so adventurous. Beneath it were the words: “Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish.” It was their farewell message as they signed off. Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish. And I have always wished that for myself. And now, as you graduate to begin anew, I wish that for you.

Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish.

Thank you all very much.

2. 🎬 视频/音频资源

• 官方完整版（斯坦福大学官方频道，15:04，约 4,884 万次观看）：https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UF8uR6Z6KLc —— 原始录像，画质清晰，最适合跟读
• 含校长 John Hennessy 介绍的完整典礼版（22:10，约 617 万次观看）：https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hd_ptbiPoXM —— 含典礼前后语境与掌声，适合感受现场氛围

3. 📝 重点词汇

4. 💬 跟读练习建议

1. 先看原视频三遍：第一遍无字幕，只感受节奏与停顿；第二遍开英文字幕核对文本；第三遍闭眼只听「第三个故事：死亡」段（Your time is limited…）。
2. 意群切分（Chunking）：把长句切成 3–5 词的块，如 Your time is limited / so don’t waste it / living someone else’s life，先慢速逐块读，再连成整句。
3. 影子跟读（Shadowing）：选「第三个故事」段，落后原声 0.5 秒跟读；Jobs 语速偏慢、停顿清晰，是美音影子跟读的绝佳素材。
4. 排比句练习（Tricolon）：Don’t be trapped by dogma… Don’t let the noise… have the courage to follow your heart —— 前两个 Don’t 用升调，最后一句在 have the courage 上重读降调，形成「两抑一扬」。
5. 金句打磨：把 Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish. 单独练 10 遍——四个词、中间停顿、两个降调，练出「短句即力量」的感觉。
6. 录音对比：录下自己朗读全文（约 10 分钟，可分三段录），与原声对比两处：① 元音后 r 是否卷舌到位；② 停顿是否给足。

5. 🔄 即兴口语练习

Prompt 1（90 秒）：Connecting the dots —— 讲一件你生活中「当时看似无用、后来却派上用场」的经历（一门课、一个技能、一次偶遇），用上 connect the dots / trust / turn out。

Prompt 2（60 秒）：用三个 Don’t 排比写一段你自己的「人生原则」，模仿原文句式。例：Don’t be trapped by fear. Don’t let comparison steal your joy. And most important, have the courage to start small.

Prompt 3（90 秒）：观点题——“Is ‘follow your heart’ practical career advice?” 给出立场并给两个理由（可反驳：It sounds nice, but…）。

Prompt 4（60 秒）：用英文向朋友解释 Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish. 的含义，并说一句你是否认同、为什么。

6. 📋 发音技巧提示

1. 美式卷舌音 /r/（与昨日 Churchill 英音对照练！）

• Jobs 是标准美音：元音后的 r 必须卷舌——start, turn, heart, garage, diverge, matters。昨天练英音不卷舌，今天练美音卷舌，同一张嘴练出两种口音，是最有效的口音对比训练。

2. Flap T 闪音

• 美音中，两个元音之间的 t 读作轻快的闪音 /ɾ/（近似中文「的」）：getting, buttoned, little, whatever, better。听原声里 it just gets better and better 的 t，几乎听不见「t」的爆破。

3. 弱读（Weak Forms）

• 功能词一律弱读：to, of, and, that, have 读得又轻又快，重音全部落在实义词上：Your TIME is LIMited、I’ve EVER gotten。强弱交替才有美音的「波浪感」。

4. 三连排比节奏（Tricolon Rhythm）

• Don’t be trapped by dogma… / Don’t let the noise… / And most important, have the courage… —— 前两个升调（未完成感），第三个在 courage 处降调重读（收束感）。这是英语演讲最经典的节奏型。

5. 停顿即强调（The Pause）

• 金句 Stay Hungry. / Stay Foolish. 之间停顿约 0.5 秒，两句都用降调。停顿不是忘词，是让听众「接住」你的话。短句 + 停顿 = 金句公式。

6. 连读（Linking）

• find‿it, turned‿out, a lot‿of, in‿the, get‿it 都要连读；asked myself 中 asked 的 d 轻化。连读是语流流畅的关键，不要逐词蹦豆子。

“Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish.” — 四个词，两次停顿。真正的好口才不是话多，而是敢在结尾把最重要的四个词，慢慢地、一字一顿地说给你听。